17e7b469f4
- Delete scheduler-mcp.ts (285 lines of dead code, unused) - Extract loadJson/saveJson to utils.ts (generic utilities) - Rename auth.ts → whatsapp-auth.ts (more specific) - Rename scheduler.ts → task-scheduler.ts (more specific) - Update all references in docs and imports Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
636 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
636 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
# NanoClaw Specification
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A personal Claude assistant accessible via WhatsApp, with persistent memory per conversation, scheduled tasks, and email integration.
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---
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## Table of Contents
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1. [Architecture](#architecture)
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2. [Folder Structure](#folder-structure)
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3. [Configuration](#configuration)
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4. [Memory System](#memory-system)
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5. [Session Management](#session-management)
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6. [Message Flow](#message-flow)
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7. [Commands](#commands)
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8. [Scheduled Tasks](#scheduled-tasks)
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9. [MCP Servers](#mcp-servers)
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10. [Deployment](#deployment)
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11. [Security Considerations](#security-considerations)
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---
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## Architecture
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```
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┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
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│ HOST (macOS) │
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│ (Main Node.js Process) │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ │
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│ ┌──────────────┐ ┌────────────────────┐ │
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│ │ WhatsApp │────────────────────▶│ SQLite Database │ │
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│ │ (baileys) │◀────────────────────│ (messages.db) │ │
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│ └──────────────┘ store/send └─────────┬──────────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ┌────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
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│ │ │
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│ ▼ │
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│ ┌──────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────┐ ┌───────────────┐ │
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│ │ Message Loop │ │ Scheduler Loop │ │ IPC Watcher │ │
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│ │ (polls SQLite) │ │ (checks tasks) │ │ (file-based) │ │
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│ └────────┬─────────┘ └────────┬─────────┘ └───────────────┘ │
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│ │ │ │
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│ └───────────┬───────────┘ │
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│ │ spawns container │
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│ ▼ │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ APPLE CONTAINER (Linux VM) │
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├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
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│ ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │
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│ │ AGENT RUNNER │ │
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│ │ │ │
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│ │ Working directory: /workspace/group (mounted from host) │ │
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│ │ Volume mounts: │ │
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│ │ • groups/{name}/ → /workspace/group │ │
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│ │ • groups/global/ → /workspace/global/ (non-main only) │ │
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│ │ • ~/.claude/ → /home/node/.claude/ (sessions) │ │
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│ │ • Additional dirs → /workspace/extra/* │ │
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│ │ │ │
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│ │ Tools (all groups): │ │
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│ │ • Bash (safe - sandboxed in container!) │ │
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│ │ • Read, Write, Edit, Glob, Grep (file operations) │ │
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│ │ • WebSearch, WebFetch (internet access) │ │
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│ │ • agent-browser (browser automation) │ │
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│ │ • mcp__nanoclaw__* (scheduler tools via IPC) │ │
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│ │ • mcp__gmail__* (email) │ │
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│ └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ │
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│ │
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└──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
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```
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### Technology Stack
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| Component | Technology | Purpose |
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|-----------|------------|---------|
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| WhatsApp Connection | Node.js (@whiskeysockets/baileys) | Connect to WhatsApp, send/receive messages |
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| Message Storage | SQLite (better-sqlite3) | Store messages for polling |
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| Container Runtime | Apple Container | Isolated Linux VMs for agent execution |
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| Agent | @anthropic-ai/claude-agent-sdk (0.2.29) | Run Claude with tools and MCP servers |
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| Browser Automation | agent-browser + Chromium | Web interaction and screenshots |
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| Runtime | Node.js 22+ | Host process for routing and scheduling |
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---
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## Folder Structure
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```
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nanoclaw/
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├── CLAUDE.md # Project context for Claude Code
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├── SPEC.md # This specification document
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├── README.md # User documentation
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├── package.json # Node.js dependencies
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├── tsconfig.json # TypeScript configuration
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├── .mcp.json # MCP server configuration (reference)
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├── .gitignore
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│
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├── src/
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│ ├── index.ts # Main application (WhatsApp + routing)
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│ ├── config.ts # Configuration constants
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│ ├── types.ts # TypeScript interfaces
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│ ├── utils.ts # Generic utility functions
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│ ├── db.ts # Database initialization and queries
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│ ├── whatsapp-auth.ts # Standalone WhatsApp authentication
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│ ├── task-scheduler.ts # Runs scheduled tasks when due
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│ └── container-runner.ts # Spawns agents in Apple Containers
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│
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├── container/
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│ ├── Dockerfile # Container image (runs as 'node' user, includes Claude Code CLI)
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│ ├── build.sh # Build script for container image
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│ ├── agent-runner/ # Code that runs inside the container
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│ │ ├── package.json
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│ │ ├── tsconfig.json
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│ │ └── src/
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│ │ ├── index.ts # Entry point (reads JSON, runs agent)
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│ │ └── ipc-mcp.ts # MCP server for host communication
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│ └── skills/
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│ └── agent-browser.md # Browser automation skill
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│
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├── dist/ # Compiled JavaScript (gitignored)
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│
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├── .claude/
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│ └── skills/
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│ ├── setup/
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│ │ └── SKILL.md # /setup skill
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│ ├── customize/
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│ │ └── SKILL.md # /customize skill
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│ └── debug/
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│ └── SKILL.md # /debug skill (container debugging)
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│
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├── groups/
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│ ├── CLAUDE.md # Global memory (all groups read this)
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│ ├── main/ # Self-chat (main control channel)
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│ │ ├── CLAUDE.md # Main channel memory
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│ │ └── logs/ # Task execution logs
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│ └── {Group Name}/ # Per-group folders (created on registration)
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│ ├── CLAUDE.md # Group-specific memory
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│ ├── logs/ # Task logs for this group
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│ └── *.md # Files created by the agent
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│
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├── store/ # Local data (gitignored)
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│ ├── auth/ # WhatsApp authentication state
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│ └── messages.db # SQLite database (messages, scheduled_tasks, task_run_logs)
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│
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├── data/ # Application state (gitignored)
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│ ├── sessions.json # Active session IDs per group
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│ ├── registered_groups.json # Group JID → folder mapping
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│ ├── router_state.json # Last processed timestamp + last agent timestamps
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│ ├── env/env # Copy of .env for container mounting
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│ └── ipc/ # Container IPC (messages/, tasks/)
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│
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├── logs/ # Runtime logs (gitignored)
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│ ├── nanoclaw.log # Host stdout
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│ └── nanoclaw.error.log # Host stderr
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│ # Note: Per-container logs are in groups/{folder}/logs/container-*.log
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│
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└── launchd/
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└── com.nanoclaw.plist # macOS service configuration
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```
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---
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## Configuration
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Configuration constants are in `src/config.ts`:
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```typescript
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import path from 'path';
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export const ASSISTANT_NAME = process.env.ASSISTANT_NAME || 'Andy';
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export const POLL_INTERVAL = 2000;
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export const SCHEDULER_POLL_INTERVAL = 60000;
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// Paths are absolute (required for container mounts)
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const PROJECT_ROOT = process.cwd();
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export const STORE_DIR = path.resolve(PROJECT_ROOT, 'store');
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export const GROUPS_DIR = path.resolve(PROJECT_ROOT, 'groups');
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export const DATA_DIR = path.resolve(PROJECT_ROOT, 'data');
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// Container configuration
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export const CONTAINER_IMAGE = process.env.CONTAINER_IMAGE || 'nanoclaw-agent:latest';
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export const CONTAINER_TIMEOUT = parseInt(process.env.CONTAINER_TIMEOUT || '300000', 10);
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export const IPC_POLL_INTERVAL = 1000;
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export const TRIGGER_PATTERN = new RegExp(`^@${ASSISTANT_NAME}\\b`, 'i');
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```
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**Note:** Paths must be absolute for Apple Container volume mounts to work correctly.
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### Container Configuration
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Groups can have additional directories mounted via `containerConfig` in `data/registered_groups.json`:
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```json
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{
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"1234567890@g.us": {
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"name": "Dev Team",
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"folder": "dev-team",
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"trigger": "@Andy",
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"added_at": "2026-01-31T12:00:00Z",
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"containerConfig": {
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"additionalMounts": [
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{
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"hostPath": "/Users/gavriel/projects/webapp",
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"containerPath": "webapp",
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"readonly": false
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}
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],
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"timeout": 600000
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}
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}
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}
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```
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Additional mounts appear at `/workspace/extra/{containerPath}` inside the container.
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**Apple Container mount syntax note:** Read-write mounts use `-v host:container`, but readonly mounts require `--mount "type=bind,source=...,target=...,readonly"` (the `:ro` suffix doesn't work).
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### Claude Authentication
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Configure authentication in a `.env` file in the project root. Two options:
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**Option 1: Claude Subscription (OAuth token)**
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```bash
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CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN=sk-ant-oat01-...
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```
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The token can be extracted from `~/.claude/.credentials.json` if you're logged in to Claude Code.
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**Option 2: Pay-per-use API Key**
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```bash
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ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=sk-ant-api03-...
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```
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The `.env` file is automatically mounted into the container at `/workspace/env-dir/env` and sourced by the entrypoint script. This workaround is needed because Apple Container loses `-e` environment variables when using `-i` (interactive mode with piped stdin).
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### Changing the Assistant Name
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Set the `ASSISTANT_NAME` environment variable:
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```bash
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ASSISTANT_NAME=Bot npm start
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```
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Or edit the default in `src/config.ts`. This changes:
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- The trigger pattern (messages must start with `@YourName`)
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- The response prefix (`YourName:` added automatically)
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### Placeholder Values in launchd
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Files with `{{PLACEHOLDER}}` values need to be configured:
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- `{{PROJECT_ROOT}}` - Absolute path to your nanoclaw installation
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- `{{NODE_PATH}}` - Path to node binary (detected via `which node`)
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- `{{HOME}}` - User's home directory
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---
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## Memory System
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NanoClaw uses a hierarchical memory system based on CLAUDE.md files.
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### Memory Hierarchy
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| Level | Location | Read By | Written By | Purpose |
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|-------|----------|---------|------------|---------|
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| **Global** | `groups/CLAUDE.md` | All groups | Main only | Preferences, facts, context shared across all conversations |
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| **Group** | `groups/{name}/CLAUDE.md` | That group | That group | Group-specific context, conversation memory |
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| **Files** | `groups/{name}/*.md` | That group | That group | Notes, research, documents created during conversation |
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### How Memory Works
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1. **Agent Context Loading**
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- Agent runs with `cwd` set to `groups/{group-name}/`
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- Claude Agent SDK with `settingSources: ['project']` automatically loads:
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- `../CLAUDE.md` (parent directory = global memory)
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- `./CLAUDE.md` (current directory = group memory)
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2. **Writing Memory**
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- When user says "remember this", agent writes to `./CLAUDE.md`
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- When user says "remember this globally" (main channel only), agent writes to `../CLAUDE.md`
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- Agent can create files like `notes.md`, `research.md` in the group folder
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3. **Main Channel Privileges**
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- Only the "main" group (self-chat) can write to global memory
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- Main can manage registered groups and schedule tasks for any group
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- Main can configure additional directory mounts for any group
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- All groups have Bash access (safe because it runs inside container)
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---
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## Session Management
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Sessions enable conversation continuity - Claude remembers what you talked about.
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### How Sessions Work
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1. Each group has a session ID stored in `data/sessions.json`
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2. Session ID is passed to Claude Agent SDK's `resume` option
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3. Claude continues the conversation with full context
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**data/sessions.json:**
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```json
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{
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"main": "session-abc123",
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"Family Chat": "session-def456"
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}
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```
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---
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## Message Flow
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### Incoming Message Flow
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```
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1. User sends WhatsApp message
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│
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▼
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2. Baileys receives message via WhatsApp Web protocol
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│
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▼
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3. Message stored in SQLite (store/messages.db)
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│
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▼
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4. Message loop polls SQLite (every 2 seconds)
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│
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▼
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5. Router checks:
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├── Is chat_jid in registered_groups.json? → No: ignore
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└── Does message start with @Assistant? → No: ignore
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│
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▼
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6. Router catches up conversation:
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├── Fetch all messages since last agent interaction
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├── Format with timestamp and sender name
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└── Build prompt with full conversation context
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│
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▼
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7. Router invokes Claude Agent SDK:
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├── cwd: groups/{group-name}/
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├── prompt: conversation history + current message
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├── resume: session_id (for continuity)
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└── mcpServers: gmail, scheduler
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│
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▼
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8. Claude processes message:
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├── Reads CLAUDE.md files for context
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└── Uses tools as needed (search, email, etc.)
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│
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▼
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9. Router prefixes response with assistant name and sends via WhatsApp
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│
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▼
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10. Router updates last agent timestamp and saves session ID
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```
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### Trigger Word Matching
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Messages must start with the trigger pattern (default: `@Andy`):
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- `@Andy what's the weather?` → ✅ Triggers Claude
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- `@andy help me` → ✅ Triggers (case insensitive)
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- `Hey @Andy` → ❌ Ignored (trigger not at start)
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- `What's up?` → ❌ Ignored (no trigger)
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### Conversation Catch-Up
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When a triggered message arrives, the agent receives all messages since its last interaction in that chat. Each message is formatted with timestamp and sender name:
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```
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[Jan 31 2:32 PM] John: hey everyone, should we do pizza tonight?
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[Jan 31 2:33 PM] Sarah: sounds good to me
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[Jan 31 2:35 PM] John: @Andy what toppings do you recommend?
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```
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This allows the agent to understand the conversation context even if it wasn't mentioned in every message.
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---
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## Commands
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### Commands Available in Any Group
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| Command | Example | Effect |
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|---------|---------|--------|
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| `@Assistant [message]` | `@Andy what's the weather?` | Talk to Claude |
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### Commands Available in Main Channel Only
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| Command | Example | Effect |
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|---------|---------|--------|
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| `@Assistant add group "Name"` | `@Andy add group "Family Chat"` | Register a new group |
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| `@Assistant remove group "Name"` | `@Andy remove group "Work Team"` | Unregister a group |
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| `@Assistant list groups` | `@Andy list groups` | Show registered groups |
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| `@Assistant remember [fact]` | `@Andy remember I prefer dark mode` | Add to global memory |
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---
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## Scheduled Tasks
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NanoClaw has a built-in scheduler that runs tasks as full agents in their group's context.
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### How Scheduling Works
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1. **Group Context**: Tasks created in a group run with that group's working directory and memory
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2. **Full Agent Capabilities**: Scheduled tasks have access to all tools (WebSearch, Gmail, file operations, etc.)
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3. **Optional Messaging**: Tasks can send messages to their group using the `send_message` tool, or complete silently
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4. **Main Channel Privileges**: The main channel can schedule tasks for any group and view all tasks
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### Schedule Types
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| Type | Value Format | Example |
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|------|--------------|---------|
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| `cron` | Cron expression | `0 9 * * 1` (Mondays at 9am) |
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| `interval` | Milliseconds | `3600000` (every hour) |
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| `once` | ISO timestamp | `2024-12-25T09:00:00Z` |
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### Creating a Task
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```
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User: @Andy remind me every Monday at 9am to review the weekly metrics
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Claude: [calls mcp__nanoclaw__schedule_task]
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{
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"prompt": "Send a reminder to review weekly metrics. Be encouraging!",
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"schedule_type": "cron",
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"schedule_value": "0 9 * * 1"
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}
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Claude: Done! I'll remind you every Monday at 9am.
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```
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### One-Time Tasks
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```
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User: @Andy at 5pm today, send me a summary of today's emails
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Claude: [calls mcp__nanoclaw__schedule_task]
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{
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"prompt": "Search for today's emails, summarize the important ones, and send the summary to the group.",
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"schedule_type": "once",
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"schedule_value": "2024-01-31T17:00:00Z"
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}
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```
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### Managing Tasks
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From any group:
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- `@Andy list my scheduled tasks` - View tasks for this group
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- `@Andy pause task [id]` - Pause a task
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- `@Andy resume task [id]` - Resume a paused task
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- `@Andy cancel task [id]` - Delete a task
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From main channel:
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- `@Andy list all tasks` - View tasks from all groups
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- `@Andy schedule task for "Family Chat": [prompt]` - Schedule for another group
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---
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## MCP Servers
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### NanoClaw MCP (built-in)
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The `nanoclaw` MCP server is created dynamically per agent call with the current group's context.
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**Available Tools:**
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| Tool | Purpose |
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|------|---------|
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| `schedule_task` | Schedule a recurring or one-time task |
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| `list_tasks` | Show tasks (group's tasks, or all if main) |
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| `get_task` | Get task details and run history |
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| `update_task` | Modify task prompt or schedule |
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| `pause_task` | Pause a task |
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| `resume_task` | Resume a paused task |
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| `cancel_task` | Delete a task |
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| `send_message` | Send a WhatsApp message to the group |
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### Gmail MCP (@gongrzhe/server-gmail-autoauth-mcp)
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Provides email capabilities. Requires Google Cloud OAuth setup.
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**Available Tools:**
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| Tool | Purpose |
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|------|---------|
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| `search_messages` | Search inbox |
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|
| `get_message` | Read full email |
|
|
| `send_message` | Send email |
|
|
| `reply_message` | Reply to thread |
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## Deployment
|
|
|
|
NanoClaw runs as a single macOS launchd service.
|
|
|
|
### Startup Sequence
|
|
|
|
When NanoClaw starts, it:
|
|
1. **Ensures Apple Container system is running** - Automatically starts it if needed (survives reboots)
|
|
2. Initializes the SQLite database
|
|
3. Loads state (registered groups, sessions, router state)
|
|
4. Connects to WhatsApp
|
|
5. Starts the message polling loop
|
|
6. Starts the scheduler loop
|
|
7. Starts the IPC watcher for container messages
|
|
|
|
### Service: com.nanoclaw
|
|
|
|
**launchd/com.nanoclaw.plist:**
|
|
```xml
|
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "...">
|
|
<plist version="1.0">
|
|
<dict>
|
|
<key>Label</key>
|
|
<string>com.nanoclaw</string>
|
|
<key>ProgramArguments</key>
|
|
<array>
|
|
<string>{{NODE_PATH}}</string>
|
|
<string>{{PROJECT_ROOT}}/dist/index.js</string>
|
|
</array>
|
|
<key>WorkingDirectory</key>
|
|
<string>{{PROJECT_ROOT}}</string>
|
|
<key>RunAtLoad</key>
|
|
<true/>
|
|
<key>KeepAlive</key>
|
|
<true/>
|
|
<key>EnvironmentVariables</key>
|
|
<dict>
|
|
<key>PATH</key>
|
|
<string>{{HOME}}/.local/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</string>
|
|
<key>HOME</key>
|
|
<string>{{HOME}}</string>
|
|
<key>ASSISTANT_NAME</key>
|
|
<string>Andy</string>
|
|
</dict>
|
|
<key>StandardOutPath</key>
|
|
<string>{{PROJECT_ROOT}}/logs/nanoclaw.log</string>
|
|
<key>StandardErrorPath</key>
|
|
<string>{{PROJECT_ROOT}}/logs/nanoclaw.error.log</string>
|
|
</dict>
|
|
</plist>
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
### Managing the Service
|
|
|
|
```bash
|
|
# Install service
|
|
cp launchd/com.nanoclaw.plist ~/Library/LaunchAgents/
|
|
|
|
# Start service
|
|
launchctl load ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.nanoclaw.plist
|
|
|
|
# Stop service
|
|
launchctl unload ~/Library/LaunchAgents/com.nanoclaw.plist
|
|
|
|
# Check status
|
|
launchctl list | grep nanoclaw
|
|
|
|
# View logs
|
|
tail -f logs/nanoclaw.log
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## Security Considerations
|
|
|
|
### Container Isolation
|
|
|
|
All agents run inside Apple Container (lightweight Linux VMs), providing:
|
|
- **Filesystem isolation**: Agents can only access mounted directories
|
|
- **Safe Bash access**: Commands run inside the container, not on your Mac
|
|
- **Network isolation**: Can be configured per-container if needed
|
|
- **Process isolation**: Container processes can't affect the host
|
|
- **Non-root user**: Container runs as unprivileged `node` user (uid 1000)
|
|
|
|
### Prompt Injection Risk
|
|
|
|
WhatsApp messages could contain malicious instructions attempting to manipulate Claude's behavior.
|
|
|
|
**Mitigations:**
|
|
- Container isolation limits blast radius
|
|
- Only registered groups are processed
|
|
- Trigger word required (reduces accidental processing)
|
|
- Agents can only access their group's mounted directories
|
|
- Main can configure additional directories per group
|
|
- Claude's built-in safety training
|
|
|
|
**Recommendations:**
|
|
- Only register trusted groups
|
|
- Review additional directory mounts carefully
|
|
- Review scheduled tasks periodically
|
|
- Monitor logs for unusual activity
|
|
|
|
### Credential Storage
|
|
|
|
| Credential | Storage Location | Notes |
|
|
|------------|------------------|-------|
|
|
| Claude CLI Auth | ~/.claude/ | Mounted to /home/node/.claude/ in container |
|
|
| WhatsApp Session | store/auth/ | Auto-created, persists ~20 days |
|
|
| Gmail OAuth Tokens | ~/.gmail-mcp/ | Created during setup (optional) |
|
|
|
|
### File Permissions
|
|
|
|
The groups/ folder contains personal memory and should be protected:
|
|
```bash
|
|
chmod 700 groups/
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
---
|
|
|
|
## Troubleshooting
|
|
|
|
### Common Issues
|
|
|
|
| Issue | Cause | Solution |
|
|
|-------|-------|----------|
|
|
| No response to messages | Service not running | Check `launchctl list | grep nanoclaw` |
|
|
| "Claude Code process exited with code 1" | Apple Container failed to start | Check logs; NanoClaw auto-starts container system but may fail |
|
|
| "Claude Code process exited with code 1" | Session mount path wrong | Ensure mount is to `/home/node/.claude/` not `/root/.claude/` |
|
|
| Session not continuing | Session ID not saved | Check `data/sessions.json` |
|
|
| Session not continuing | Mount path mismatch | Container user is `node` with HOME=/home/node; sessions must be at `/home/node/.claude/` |
|
|
| "QR code expired" | WhatsApp session expired | Delete store/auth/ and restart |
|
|
| "No groups registered" | Haven't added groups | Use `@Andy add group "Name"` in main |
|
|
|
|
### Log Location
|
|
|
|
- `logs/nanoclaw.log` - stdout
|
|
- `logs/nanoclaw.error.log` - stderr
|
|
|
|
### Debug Mode
|
|
|
|
Run manually for verbose output:
|
|
```bash
|
|
npm run dev
|
|
# or
|
|
node dist/index.js
|
|
```
|